20 Points Blog 2
1)Electric connections can be made with series or paralleled circuit
2)In a series circuit current flows on only one path
3)In a series circuit current is the same everywhere ( It = I1,= i2 = I3 )
4)In a paralleled circuit there is more than one pathway for current to flow.
5)In a paralleled circuit current in = current out but current isn’t the same everywhere ( It+ = I1 + I2 + I3 )
6)Kirchhoff’s current law states at any junction in an electric circuit the total current flowing in to the junction is equal to current flowing out of the junction
7) In a series circuit total potential difference is equal to the sum of potential difference across components
8)Increase in potential difference across the cell must equal the sum of decrease in potential difference. In series of circuits
9)Potential difference across components in parallel must be equal.
10)Kirchoffs voltage law states the algebraic sum of potential differences around any closed pathways or loop must equal zero.
11)Both these laws follow the law of conservation of energy
12)Often circuits are made up of both series and paralleled circuits
13)Boosting a car battery can be dangerous
14)TO do it properly connect the red cable to the positive terminal of each battery
15)Then attach the black to the live battery then slowly to a clean part of the engine
16)When removing the cables, remove the cable to the engine first
17)During boosting, the car with the live battery should remain off
18)This is to avoid damaging the electric systems of the cars
19)Caution, in some vehicles positive rather than negative terminals are connected to the engine
20)To avoid casing damage check grounding before the boosting process
Tuesday, January 12, 2010
Wednesday, December 9, 2009
Ethanol Fueled Cannon Post Lab
1- What are the two baffles in the cannon for?
They are to increase the surface area of the cannon to increase the surface area of the reactants that stick to them. Thereby increasing the rate at which the chemical reaction within the cannon takes place.
2- What purpose did the shaking of the stack of cans have?
It was to mix the hydrogen gas and oxygen together to maximize the chance of ignition.
3- What kind of Energy transformation occurred during the launch?
First the chemical energy was converted into kinetic and thermal energy which heated the barrel of the cannon and moved the cannon ball. At that same moment small amounts of sound and light energy were created as well. The ball’s kinetic energy then changed into potential energy as the ball rose into the air then back into kinetic energy as the ball fell to the ground by this time all the energy was used up to overcome work done by friction and gravity. Small portions of energy are also left behind in the chemical bonds of the newly formed compounds.
4- What other kinds of liquids do you think could be used in place of ethanol?
I think propane would work along with hexane because the are both very reactant when burned in oxygen, and are both used as fuels.
5- Apply one of Newton’s laws that is relative to this experiment. Explain.
Newton’s first law applies most heavily to this experiment because the cannon ball is moving by inertia alone after the initial launch, no force is applied to move the cannon ball forward after. Newton’s first law also applies because the accelerating if equal to force divided by mass (comes from F= MxA) which we need to think about when constructing the cannon balls
They are to increase the surface area of the cannon to increase the surface area of the reactants that stick to them. Thereby increasing the rate at which the chemical reaction within the cannon takes place.
2- What purpose did the shaking of the stack of cans have?
It was to mix the hydrogen gas and oxygen together to maximize the chance of ignition.
3- What kind of Energy transformation occurred during the launch?
First the chemical energy was converted into kinetic and thermal energy which heated the barrel of the cannon and moved the cannon ball. At that same moment small amounts of sound and light energy were created as well. The ball’s kinetic energy then changed into potential energy as the ball rose into the air then back into kinetic energy as the ball fell to the ground by this time all the energy was used up to overcome work done by friction and gravity. Small portions of energy are also left behind in the chemical bonds of the newly formed compounds.
4- What other kinds of liquids do you think could be used in place of ethanol?
I think propane would work along with hexane because the are both very reactant when burned in oxygen, and are both used as fuels.
5- Apply one of Newton’s laws that is relative to this experiment. Explain.
Newton’s first law applies most heavily to this experiment because the cannon ball is moving by inertia alone after the initial launch, no force is applied to move the cannon ball forward after. Newton’s first law also applies because the accelerating if equal to force divided by mass (comes from F= MxA) which we need to think about when constructing the cannon balls
Monday, November 23, 2009
Class Work Photos
Sunday, November 22, 2009
20 Points About Work
1. Work is done whenever there is a change or transfer of energy.
2. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed only converted from one form to another.
3. Some energy is always lost by conversion to heat and often sound energy.
4. In order for work to be done 3 conditions must be met:
1. A force must be exerted.
2. There must be displacement.
3. At least some of the force has to be in the direction of the displacement.
5. Formula to calculate work: W=F cosθ Δ d.
6. If the force is parallel to x or y axis θ = 0 and since cos θ =1 W = F Δ d.
7. Work is measure in Newton meters or Joules.
8. The joule is named after the British physicist James Prescott Joule.
9. Work is a scalar value even though it is the product of two vectors.
10. There is positive and negative work.
11. When force and displacement are in the same direction the work is positive.
12. If the force is the opposite to displacement, the work is negative.
13. Work can also be calculated graphically.
14. To calculate work graphically, find the area under a force displacement graph.
15. Graphs are usually used to calculate work done by changing force on an object.
16. If the force uniformly increases, then the work is equal to the area beneath the triangular force displacement graph.
17. In this case the formula for the area of a triangle ½ B x H can be used to calculate work.
18. Graphical calculations can be used to calculate the work of nonuniformly changing force.
19. However it is much more difficult in this case.
20. It is often done by counting the whole squares beneath the graph and estimating the pieces. This method is pretty accurate, but not one hundred percent.
2. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed only converted from one form to another.
3. Some energy is always lost by conversion to heat and often sound energy.
4. In order for work to be done 3 conditions must be met:
1. A force must be exerted.
2. There must be displacement.
3. At least some of the force has to be in the direction of the displacement.
5. Formula to calculate work: W=F cosθ Δ d.
6. If the force is parallel to x or y axis θ = 0 and since cos θ =1 W = F Δ d.
7. Work is measure in Newton meters or Joules.
8. The joule is named after the British physicist James Prescott Joule.
9. Work is a scalar value even though it is the product of two vectors.
10. There is positive and negative work.
11. When force and displacement are in the same direction the work is positive.
12. If the force is the opposite to displacement, the work is negative.
13. Work can also be calculated graphically.
14. To calculate work graphically, find the area under a force displacement graph.
15. Graphs are usually used to calculate work done by changing force on an object.
16. If the force uniformly increases, then the work is equal to the area beneath the triangular force displacement graph.
17. In this case the formula for the area of a triangle ½ B x H can be used to calculate work.
18. Graphical calculations can be used to calculate the work of nonuniformly changing force.
19. However it is much more difficult in this case.
20. It is often done by counting the whole squares beneath the graph and estimating the pieces. This method is pretty accurate, but not one hundred percent.
Saturday, November 21, 2009
Timmmy's Cannon Research
After researching the design of several popular cannons, I have determined that there are several main things that help the cannon function properly.
The first thing is the barrel of the cannon which gets its name from the original structure design of early cannons. Cannon barrels were originally made by welding iron rods together in the form of a circle then reinforcing the welding by putting iron hoops around the rods, hence the name barrel. In order to make the barrel work effectively it should be narrower at the tip and slightly wider at the base. The length of the barrel also helps maximize the distance travelled by the cannon ball.
Info from: http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
Images From: http://www.military.co.il/asg/shells_b.jpg & http://www.stevebulman.f9.co.uk/cumbria/images/cannons.jpg
The second is the shape of the cannon ball. In the modern world, artillery cannons do not exist anymore but there is a military vehicle that has very similar physics behind it. This vehicle is the tank, more specifically, a tanks main gun. The main gun of a tank is basically an advanced cannon. The bullets of a tank, or its cannon balls, are shaped much like the bullets of a gun. They are made to be heavy, but not too heavy, to increase velocity when fired from the tanks cannon.
Info from: http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
The angle that the barrel is at is also very important to make sure the cannon ball reaches its maximum distance. After about ten minutes of experimentation with “The Cannon” projectile motion simulator I have determined that the optimal firing angle is 45 degrees. This makes sense seeing on how it is exactly between 0 and 90 degrees.
Simulator: https://www.msu.edu/~brechtjo/physics/cannon/cannon.html
I have been told that baffles are also important yet I have not yet determined what they are for or what they do. I will continue to research cannon design to find out the importance of baffles in order to come up with an efficient cannon design for Monday.
My Design
To be honest I still have not come up with a complete design for my cannon but I have some ideas for building it. For starters it will be mounted at a 45 degree angle to help increase the total distance traveled. The barrel will be long, but not too long, because the cannon ball will not travel through it. I am not sure if the same physics principles as a regular cannon apply to it, so I’m thinking about 3 or 4 pop cans. As for the cannon ball I will shape it like the bullet of a tank, weight it, and possibly add wings. I am not yet sure how I should shape my baffles because I still do not know their function, but I will come up with something after further research.
The first thing is the barrel of the cannon which gets its name from the original structure design of early cannons. Cannon barrels were originally made by welding iron rods together in the form of a circle then reinforcing the welding by putting iron hoops around the rods, hence the name barrel. In order to make the barrel work effectively it should be narrower at the tip and slightly wider at the base. The length of the barrel also helps maximize the distance travelled by the cannon ball.
Info from: http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
Images From: http://www.military.co.il/asg/shells_b.jpg & http://www.stevebulman.f9.co.uk/cumbria/images/cannons.jpg
The second is the shape of the cannon ball. In the modern world, artillery cannons do not exist anymore but there is a military vehicle that has very similar physics behind it. This vehicle is the tank, more specifically, a tanks main gun. The main gun of a tank is basically an advanced cannon. The bullets of a tank, or its cannon balls, are shaped much like the bullets of a gun. They are made to be heavy, but not too heavy, to increase velocity when fired from the tanks cannon.
Info from: http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/cannon.htm
The angle that the barrel is at is also very important to make sure the cannon ball reaches its maximum distance. After about ten minutes of experimentation with “The Cannon” projectile motion simulator I have determined that the optimal firing angle is 45 degrees. This makes sense seeing on how it is exactly between 0 and 90 degrees.
Simulator: https://www.msu.edu/~brechtjo/physics/cannon/cannon.html
I have been told that baffles are also important yet I have not yet determined what they are for or what they do. I will continue to research cannon design to find out the importance of baffles in order to come up with an efficient cannon design for Monday.
My Design
To be honest I still have not come up with a complete design for my cannon but I have some ideas for building it. For starters it will be mounted at a 45 degree angle to help increase the total distance traveled. The barrel will be long, but not too long, because the cannon ball will not travel through it. I am not sure if the same physics principles as a regular cannon apply to it, so I’m thinking about 3 or 4 pop cans. As for the cannon ball I will shape it like the bullet of a tank, weight it, and possibly add wings. I am not yet sure how I should shape my baffles because I still do not know their function, but I will come up with something after further research.
Sunday, November 15, 2009
Magic Pen Post
To reach this level I mostly used the ball rolling down the in cline. The hinge wasn’t all that useful. I also utilized the falling circle where I dropped circles out of the air on to the ball. Allot of the time it was not only physics that I needed but common sense to plot the course of the ball from on e flag to another. But I had to use physic to move the ball along the desired path. The incline was so useful because I used rolling circles which have less friction than blocks. Had I used blocks going down inclines the challenge would have been impossible
Friday, November 13, 2009
If I Were Sir isaac Newton
If I were Sir Isaac Newton I would have conducted more research on motion at atomic and large scale levels. Niels Bohr a Danish physicist discovered that Newtonian mechanics (Newton’s laws of Motion) are not accurate when working with masses of the atomic level specifically electrons. It was also proven that Newtonian mechanics are inaccurate with very huge masses, such as large asteroids in space. If I were to be in Newton’s shoes I would have conducted experiments at as many levels as possible to be as accurate as possible. Not necessarily at the large scale because during Newton’s time it was impossible to experiment on things in space. I would however definitely conduct research at the atomic level and to the largest scale possible on earth. For insistence I would test my theories on large masses such as boulders and study the results of experiments I would do on atoms and molecules. I’m not exactly sure how I would go about the experiments because I am not familiar with the technology available at that time. But I would find a way regardless of the technological availability or at least make speculations about what might happen if I were to apply my mechanics to Large or atomic masses.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)